By using fsQCA of configurational comparative method, the study examines the relationship between conditional combination of social context and current fertility policies and fertility changes in 29 typical European countries from 2000 to 2018，in an attempt to provide new research ideas for China to learn from European countries’fertility support polices．Five configuration schemes affecting fertility were obtained by testing the necessary conditions for three types of family policies in European countries ( i. e．，child-care allowance, parental leave and provision of child-care facilities) and three types of social contextual conditions ( i. e．，level of economic development，gender equality，and family valuing culture) ．By comparing and discussing the implementation effects of family policies between with China’s social context，this study proposes regional differences should be fully considered in the introduction of fertility support policies in China．In the developed cities with gender equality，the vigorous development of child-care facilities and targeted child-care allowance can stabilize fertility rate．For the less developed areas with gender inequality，child allowance are more likely to increase fertility rate; the more generous parental leave and child care facilities can help to raise fertility level in the developed areas where the gender gap is larger and offspring is valued．
