Based on AHP hierarchical model this paper built a "urban social security equalization evaluation system", and calculated level of total social security equalization index and social relief, social insurance, social welfare, social special care and four sub-system index using 2012 provincial provinces sectional data. We use spatial statistics to analysis spatial distribution pattern regional difference. We found that the level of the urban social security showed significant trend east to the west, central provinces minimum. Social insurance, social welfare exponential trend with the same total index; social assistance, social special care index little difference in the provinces; overall index has a significant positive spatial autocorrelation, Jiangsu, Shanghai and Guangdong Province form two polar of protection level; the analysis based on per capita GDP weighted LISA display various provinces were significantly higher than in western and eastern, Hebei, Sichuan formed the depression of security levels. Finally, we analyze the reasons for the non-balanced development of the level of social protection and make suggestions balanced development.