人口与经济

农民工与城镇职工的就业稳定性差异—兼论女性农民工就业稳定性的双重负效应

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作者：周闯

单位：东北财经大学经济计量分析与预测研究中心, 辽宁大连 116025

关键词：农民工;就业稳定性;双重负效应

分类号：F241.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2014,35(6):69-78

摘要：

将雇主是否提供一年期及以上劳动合同作为就业稳定性的划分, 采用二元离散选择模型分解方法分析了农民工与城镇职工的就业稳定性差异。研究表明:农民工稳定就业比显著低于城镇职工, 主要原因在于其教育水平和工作经验与城镇职工存在较大的差距, 市场歧视所产生的影响小于这两类人力资本差距的影响;女性农民工的就业稳定性尽管存在着户籍和性别的双重负效应, 但双重负效应仍低于人力资本差距的影响。此外, 城镇公共就业服务对农民工较低的覆盖率以及农民工与城镇职工就业的行业差异也对就业稳定性差异给出了一定程度的解释。

We distinguish the stable employment as signing over one year contract with employers and investigate the employment stability difference between migrant workers and urban workers applying the decomposition technique to binary outcome model. The results show: the ratio of stable employment in migrant workers is significantly lower than that in urban workers and the difference in education and in experience contributed to the ratio gap most; the ratio gap explained by discrimination is lower than that can be explained by the difference in human capital; the multiple levels of discrimination due to being a woman and a migrant at the same time intersect for female migrant workers, but the double-negative effect is also smaller than the effect explained by the difference in human capital. In addition, the lower coverage of public employment service in migrant workers and the difference in the employment industry can also explain the ratio gap modestly.

基金项目：

中国博士后科学基金项目"基于就业稳定性视角的户籍工资歧视及社会福利成本分析"(2014M551103);辽宁省高校创新团队支持计划项目"宏观经济系统优化分析、动态监测与政策评价"(WT2011004);辽宁省教育厅人文社会科学重点研究基地专项项目"因变量受限面板数据模型的相关性诊断方法研究"(ZJ2013039)

作者简介：

周闯,经济学博士,东北财经大学经济计量分析与预测研究中心讲师。

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