人口与经济

照料老年父母对城镇已婚中青年女性就业的影响

下载PDF阅读器

作者：马焱¹, 李龙²

单位： 1. 全国妇联妇女研究所, 北京 100730;
2. 中国人民大学社会与人口学院, 北京 100872

关键词：人口老龄化;老年照料;中青年女性就业

分类号：F241.4

出版年,卷(期):页码：2014,35(2):39-47

摘要：

本文使用第三期中国妇女社会地位调查数据和Logistic回归模型,探讨了城镇已婚中青年女性照料老年父母对其就业状况的影响,并借助倾向值加权的方法对回归模型进行了稳健性检验。结果表明,在城镇已婚中青年女性群体中,老年照料提供者更难以进入劳动力市场,与非照料者相比,照料者的就业概率会降低29.6%。而男性是否从事有收入工作则不会受到是否照料老年父母的显著影响。本文认为,老年照料既是家庭成员的义务,也是政府和社会的责任;女性参与社会劳动既是个人的权利,也是促进经济发展和社会文明进步的要求。统筹协调两者关系,既应把女性视为"责任主体",也应将她们视为"权利主体"。

Relying on the data of the Third Wave Survey on the Social Status of Women in China (2010), this paper studies the impact of the care-giving for elderly parents on the employment of young and middle-aged urban married women using Logistic Regression Models. We use propensity score weighting for robustness tests. The results show that the probability of the young and middle-aged urban married women who bear the eldercare labors engaged in paid employment is lower, and the probability will be reduced by 29.6%, while whether men are engaged in paid employment isn't influenced significantly. Care-giving for the elderly is not only the obligation of the family, but also the responsibility of the government and the society. Women's labor-market participation is not only the individual rights,but also the necessity of promoting economic development and social progress.On the basis, the policy implications are discussed in the paper.

基金项目：

2011年度国家社会科学基金青年项目"老年家庭照料对城市中青年女性职业发展的影响"(11CRK009);国家社会科学基金重大项目"新时期中国妇女社会地位调查研究"(10@ZH020)。

作者简介：

马焱,法学博士,全国妇联妇女研究所副研究员;李龙,中国人民大学社会与人口学院硕士研究生。

参考文献：

[1] Stone Robyn and Pamela Short. The Competing Demands for Employment and Informal Caregiving to Disabled Elderly [J]. Medical Care, 1990, 28(6).
[2] Douglas A. Wolf and Beth J. Soldo. Married Women's Allocation of Time to Employment and Care of Elderly Parents [J]. Journal of Human Resources, 1994,29,(4).
[3] Ettner, S. The Opportunity Costs of Elder Care [J]. Journal of Human Resources, 1996, 31(1).
[4] Carmichael, F. and S. Charles. The Opportunity Costs of Informal Care: Does Gender Matter? [J]. Journal of Health Economics, 2003,22(5).
[5] Henz, U. The Effects of Informal Care on Paid-work Participation in Great Britain: A Lifecourse Perspective [J]. Ageing and Society, 2004, 24(6).
[6] Keating, N. C. Eldercare in Canada: Context, Content and Consequences [M]. Ottawa, Canada:Statistics Canada, Housing, Family and Social Statistics Division,1999.
[7] 同[1]
[8] Muurinen, J.M. The Economics of Informal Care: Labor Market Effects in the National Hospice Study [J]. Medical Care, 1986, 24(11).
[9] Heitmueller, A. The Chicken or the Egg? Endogeneity in Labour Market Participation of Informal Carers in England [J]. Journal of Health Economics,2007,26(3).
[10] Bolin, K., B. Lindgren and P. Lundborg. Informal and Formal Care among Single-living Elderly in Europe [J]. Health Economics, 2008, 17(3).
[11] 同[2] .
[12] Stern Steven. Estimating Family Long-term Care Decisions in the Presence of Endogenous Child Characteristics [J]. Journal of Human Resources, 1995,30(3).
[13] 同[4]

欢迎阅读《人口与经济》，您是本文的第位浏览者。