Based on the data of "Chinese urban and rural elderly population sampling survey of 2000" and "Chinese urban and rural elderly population longitudinal survey of 2010", this paper analyzes the elderly's identity change of 10 years. Then, the author discusses the influences of security, participation and health on this change. The results show that identity varies significantly among different cohorts. New generation is less likely to regard themselves as "older person" than old generation, which proves that identity is a changing process, and it will become increasingly younger with time changes and social development. Moreover, better economic security, higher self-rate health and more active social participation have positive effects on identity. In the end, the author makes some suggestions from individual, community, media and governmental perspectives to promote more active elderly identity.
基金项目：
中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目(13XNH184)。
作者简介：
谢立黎,中国人民大学社会与人口学院博士研究生;黄洁瑜,中国人民大学社会与人口学院硕士研究生。
参考文献：
[1] 华桦.上海大学生基督徒的身份认同及成因分析[D].华东师范大学,2007.
[2] 王莹. 身份认同与身份建构研究评析[J]. 河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2008,(1).
[3] 张淑华,李海莹,刘芳. 身份认同研究综述[J]. 心理研究,2012,(1).
[4] 彭远春. 论农民工身份认同及其影响因素—对武汉市杨园社区餐饮服务员的调查分析[J]. 人口研究,2007,(2).
[5] 杨菊华. 从隔离、选择融入到融合:流动人口社会融入问题的理论思考[J]. 人口研究,2009,(1).
[6] 岳中志,彭程,徐磊. 我国新生代农民工身份认同的现状及影响因素研究[J]. 西北人口,2011,(6).
[7] 郑友富,俞国良. 流动儿童身份认同与人格特征研究[J]. 教育研究,2009,(5).
[8] 李茂森. 教师"身份认同"的理性思考[J]. 全球教育展望,2008,(7).
[9] 王彦明. 教师身份认同:危机、原因、诉求[J]. 教育导刊,2011,(3).
[10] 孙频捷. 身份认同研究浅析[J]. 前沿,2010,(2).
[11] Janet Roebuck. When Does Old Age Begin?: The Evolution of the English Definition [J]. Journal of Social History,1979,12(3).
[12] 杜鹏,伍小兰. 中国老年人身份认同的实证研究[J]. 人口研究,2008,(2).
[13] Zena Smith Blau. Changes in Status and Age Identification[J].American Sociological Review, 1956, 21(2).
[14] John R. Logan, Russell Ward, Glenna Spitze. As Old as You Feel: Age Identity in Middle and Later Life [J]. Social Forces, 1992, 71(2).
[15] Anne E. Barrett. Socioeconomic Status and Age Identity: The Role of Dimensions of Health in the Subjective Construction of Age[J]. Journal of Gerontology: Social Science, 2003.
[16] 同[13] .
[17] 同[14] .
[18] George, L. k., E.J.Matran, & M.R.Pennybacker. The Meaning and Measurement of Age Identity [J]. Experimental Aging Research, 1980,(6).
[19] 同[15] .
[20] 同[12] .
[21] Butler,R.N. Age-Ism: Another Form of Bigotry[J]. The Gerontologist,1969,(9).
[22] C.H.库利.人性与社会秩序[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,1992.
[23] 世界卫生组织.积极老龄化理论框架[M].中国老龄协会译.北京:华龄出版社,2003.
[24] 谷琳,乔晓春. 我国老年人健康自评影响因素分析[J]. 人口学刊,2006,(6).
[25] 王莉莉.老年人健康自评和生活自理能力[M].北京:中国社会出版社,2011:16.
[26] 同[12] .
[27] 同[18] .
[28] 邬沧萍.社会老年学[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1999:475.
[29] 同[12] .
