人口与经济

新中国成立前的生育和生育控制

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作者：武雅士^1,2, 尹泰尔^1,2, 佟春霞¹, 张海洋²

单位： 1. 天津工业大学管理学院, 天津 300160;
2. 中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院, 北京 100081

关键词：马尔萨斯;生育控制;已婚生育率;总和生育率

分类号：C92

出版年,卷(期):页码：2011,32(3):7-15

摘要：

本文认为李中清和王丰在《人类的四分之一:马尔萨斯神话与中国现实, 1700~2000》中挑战马尔萨斯以及公认的中国解放前生育状况的观点是失败的。主要有两个原因:一是他们缺少普遍存在生育控制的证据。二是与李中清和王丰的中心论题相反, 中国的总和生育率比欧洲高很多。这使得中国还是生育了超出其资源可以承受的人口。

Lee and Wang challenged to the argument of Malthus and the received fertility view of China.This paper suggests that their arguments donot hold water from two aspects.The first is they lack evidence for widespread deliberate birth control.The second is that contrary to Lee and Wang's central idea, total fertility was much higher in China than in Europe.So the Chinese couples bore as many children as possible given their circumstances.

基金项目：

作者简介：

武雅士(Arthur P.Wolf),斯坦福大学大卫和露西·派克德基金会(David and Lucile Packard Foundation)人类学教授;尹泰尔(Theo Engelen),荷兰内梅享大学历史人口学教授。

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