Based on the questionnaire survey of rural areas in Shandong, an analysis of government act in medicare system building.was made.The analysis shows that during the past five years, the new rural cooperative medicare system has been established around Shandong Province thanks to the government's push. The government has been playing an increasingly important leading role in financial support, system design, management and supervision of the system.It has made great achievement.However, there still are some problems such as irrational planning, immature legislation, unscientific and irrational policy design and unsound supervision mechanism.