Young children's healthy growth determines country's future. The article aims to master health and nutrition condition of children in poor rural areas. It is found that there are all kinds of problems like malnutrition, anemia in students investigated by using investigation data of health and nutrition from 270 of the 45 549 pupils in primary school in two poverty-stricken counties of Gansu Province, suggesting that the Government strengthen the nutrition intervention towards poverty-stricken areas. It provides a scientific basis for school health work through the Comparison of domest ic and international health evaluat ion criteria reflecting the need to adjust some of the national standards.