With data collected from those silicosis workers in a private mineral factory in Hunan province, this paper looks at the compensation insurance situation of mineral workers. Through the comparative study of the cost of risk retention and that of risk transfer, and the comparative study between economic loss of injured migrant workers and what they get from compensation insurance or the compensation ability of private enterprise, it figures out the current situation of injured mineral works and proposes that private enterprises should be mandated to buy compensation insurance for their workers in case of injury incidents while there should be incentive measures to increase the numbers of insured enterprises. It also suggests that appropriate mechanisms should be introduced to narrow the gap between the financial need of injured migrant workers and the compensation ability of the enterprises for which they work.
