人口与经济

制造业和服务业外国直接投资对东道国就业影响的比较研究—以美国为例

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作者：张诚, 唐琳

单位：南开大学经济学院国际经济研究所, 天津 300071

关键词：服务业;制造业;FDI;就业

分类号：F241.4

出版年,卷(期):页码：2007,28(3):34-37

摘要：

外国直接投资(Foreign Direct Investment,缩写FDI)对东道国就业的影响,在很大程度上取决于FDI进入的产业。一般认为,进入资本密集型产业如制造业不利于增加东道国就业,而进入劳动密集型产业如服务业则可以增加就业。本文以美国为例,对制造业FDI和服务业FDI与东道国就业的短期关系和长期关系进行了比较,结论与前人研究结果迥异。无论短期还是长期,制造业都可以增加产业内就业人数和总就业人数,而服务业可以增加产业内就业人数,但却会减少国家总就业人数。

The influence of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to the employment of host country is decided by the type of the industry which FDI enters. Generally speaking, FDI in capital-intensive industry, such as manufacturing industry, is less advantageous to the employment of the host country while FDI in labor-intensive industry such as service industry is more advantageous to the raise of employment rate of the host country. This paper, taking USA as an example, looks at the short-term relationship and long-term relationship between FDI in capital-intensive industry and the employment of the host country and those relationships between FDI in labor-intensive industry and the employment of the host country. The results show that different from other research findings, FDI in manufacturing industry can increase employment rate in both manufacturing industry and the whole employment rate either in short-term or in short-term time while FDI in service industry may increase employment rate in service industry but may decrease the whole employment rate.

基金项目：

教育部人文社科基地重大课题"服务业跨国公司及其对外直接投资"阶段性成果之一

作者简介：

张诚(1962-),男,山西灵丘人,现任南开大学经济学院国际经济研究所教授、博士生导师,研究方向为国际直接投资理论与政策

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