人口与经济

将性别平等观念纳入中国的养老保障体系—国外遗属津贴制度介绍

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作者：王莉莉

单位：中国老龄科学研究中心, 北京 100013

关键词：性别平等;遗属津贴制度

分类号：D632.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2007,28(1):64-68

摘要：

遗属津贴制度是许多国家社会保障制度的一个重要内容, 一般属于养老保障的一部分, 它的设立主要是为了保障去世者家庭成员基本生活需求的一种福利制度。由于女性的平均寿命一般要大于男性, 因此, 一般来讲, 女性尤其是老年妇女是这一制度的主要受益人。中国也有遗属津贴, 但却一直游离于社会保障体系之外, 女性享有社会保障的程度远远低于男性, 尤其是老年妇女。注重性别平等, 将遗属津贴制度纳入到社会保障(养老保障)体系中来, 对切实保障家庭的基本需求, 提高女性的保障程度有着重要意义。

The survivor's pension is very important in many countries' social security, which generally belongs to old-age security. It is founded to provide and fulfill the basic needs of people who lost their family members. Generally, female, especially old female, are the mainly receiver of this kind of pension because female have the longer life expectancy than male. This kind of benefit is also exist in China, but unfortunately, not in social security system, and female can only get a very little slip of security pie, the older, theworse. So that's why we must take gender equality into account, and enhance this equality in China's social old-age security system. And that is really helpful to meet the basic family needs and improve the security degree of old female.

基金项目：

作者简介：

王莉莉(1980-),女,河南人,中国老龄科学研究中心,助理研究员,主要研究方向为社会保障与老年产业。

参考文献：

[1] Social Security Administration.Social Security Survivors Benef it s.SSA Publication No.05-10084.May2004.
[2] Social Security Administ rat ion.Social Security Programs Throughout the World1993.SSA Publication No.13-11805.Research Report#65.1997.
[3] Human Resource and Social Development Canada.Survivor Benef it s-Canada Pension Plan.http://www.hrsdc.gc.ca.March2006.
[4] 科林·吉列恩, 约翰·特纳, 克利夫·贝雷, 丹尼斯·拉图利普编, 杨燕绥等译.全球养老保障—改革与发展.北京:中国劳动社会保障出版社, 2002.
[5] 黄菊.完善社会保障体系, 构建社会主义和谐社会—黄菊在首届中国社会保障论坛上的致辞.中国政府网.2006-9-23.
[6] 上海市妇女学会.上海推行遗属保险可行性研究.上海妇女, 2005, (8),

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