The amount and its change of Han Chinese population living in Tibetan Autonomous Region (TAR) of China is not only an academic issue, but a sensitive one related to politics.Most scholars have been trying to find the answers through census information published by Chinese government, but few of overseas scholars, especially the exiled Tibetans have shown disagreement to the census results.The biggest divergent is about the number of Han Chinese living in Lhasa city.This paper will try to draw a genuine picture about the number distribution of Han Chinese living in Lhasa city and TAR, based on a contemporary independent sample survey.