人口与经济

社会性别化的风险、经历与反应—对美国妇女与艾滋病的探讨

下载PDF阅读器

作者：胡玉坤

单位：克拉克大学妇女研究项目, 美国麻萨诸塞州

关键词：妇女与艾滋病;社会性别化的风险、经历与反应;女权主义探讨

分类号：C913-68.C913-8

出版年,卷(期):页码：2001,22(4):40-44

摘要：

艾滋病目前已成为美国一个严重的社会问题和大众健康问题。妇女从 20世纪 80年代在边缘徘徊,到 90年代已陷入了该危机的"震中"。本文将从女权主义的视野来审视这场社会性别化的传染病,即把社会性别当作主要变量来考察它同种族、族裔、阶级、性取向以及文化等诸因素的交叉互动,并从纷繁复杂的艾滋病现象和文献中梳理出妇女与艾滋病关系上的社会性别差异。文章最后将提出若干可资借鉴并值得我们警觉的建议。

AIDS has become a major social and public health problem in the United States since the early 1980s.Being on the periphery in the first decade of the AIDS pandemic, women are currently on the center of concern.This essay looks at this gendered epidemic from a feminist perspective, treats gender as a critical variable, showing how gender intersects with other regimes of oppression by race, ethnicity, social class, sexual orientation and culture, and highlights gender differences in risks for, experiences of, and responses to HIV AIDS.Finally, some suggestions will be proposed for China.

基金项目：

作者简介：

胡玉坤(1963-),女,江西人,原全国妇联妇女研究所副研究员,现为克拉克大学妇女学博士生。

参考文献：

[1] Lorber, Judith 1997, Gender and the Social Construction of Illness, London and New Delhi:Sage Publications;Theodore Fuller, et al.1993, Gender and Health:Some Asian Evidence, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol.34 (Sept.).
[2] Corea,Gena 1992, The Invisible Epidemic:the Story of Women and AIDS, New York;Sontag, Susan 1989, AIDS and Its Metaphors, New York:Harper Collins Publishers.
[3] Treichler, Paula, Catherine Warren 1998, Maybe Next Year: Feminist Si lence and the AIDS Epidemic, Nancy Roth and Katie Hogan (eds.)Gendered Epidemic,New York and London: Routledge,p.113.
[4] Patton, Cindy 1998, Women, Write and AIDS, Nancy Roth and Katie Hogan (eds.)Gendered Epidemi c:Representations of Women in the Age of AIDS, New York and London:Routledge.
[5] Roth,Nancy and Katie Hogan 1998 (eds.)Gendered Epidemic: Representations of Women in the Age of AIDS,New York and London:Routledge.
[6] Center for Disease Control 1996;1999, HIV AIDS Surveillance Report, Vol.8, No.2;Vol.11,No.1
[7] Wort ley, PM, Fleming PL.1997, AIDS in Women in the United Slates:Recent Trends,Journal of American Medical Association, Vol.278, No.11.
[8] Raffaelli,Marcela et al.Reconsidering the HIV AIDS Prevention Needs of LatinoWomen in the United States, Nancy Roth and Linda Fuller (eds.)Women and AIDS:Negotiating Safer Practices,Care, and Representation, New York and London: the Haworth Press.1998.
[9] Margillo, Gina et al.Understanding Safer Sex Negotiation in a Group of Low-Income African-American Women, Nancy Roth and Linda Fuller (eds.)Women and AIDS:Negotiating Safer Practices,Care, and Representation, New York and London: the Haworth Press.1998.
[10] Hackl, Kristin et al.1997, Women Living with HIV AIDS:the Dual Challenge of Being a Patient and Caregiver, Health and Social Work,Vol.22, No.1;Lorber, Judith 1997,Gender and the Social Const ruction of Illness, London and New Delhi: Sage Publications.
[11] Kaplan, Deborah 1999, Women and HIV:Closing the Treatment Gap, Patient Care,Vol.33, Vol.6.
[12] Weissman, Gloria et al.1995, Women Living with Substance Abuse and HIV Disease:Medical Care Access Issues, Journal of the American Medical Women's Association, Vol.50, No. 3-4.
[13] Gollub, Eric 1999, Human Rights is a US Problem, Too:The Case of Women and HIV, American Journal of Public Health, Vol.89,No.10.
[14] Guinan,Mary, Laura Leviton.Prevention of HIV Infection in Women:Overcoming Barriers, Journal of the AmericanMedical Women's Association, Vol.50, No 3-4.
[15] Roth,Nancy, Linda Fuller (eds.)women and AIDS:Negotiating Safer Practices, Care, and Representation, New York and London:the Haworth Press.1998.
[16] Henderson, Charles 2000, AIDS Cases Rise in China, AIDS Weekly,Apri l10,2000.

欢迎阅读《人口与经济》，您是本文的第位浏览者。