Using the panel data in eight countries from 1997 to 2013, including the United States, Britain and China, this paper analyzes the impact of household debt change on marital instability through dynamic panel fixed-effect model and quantile regression. The empirical results show that: household debt change has a significantly positive effect on marriage instability; on condition of different quantile, the influence degree of the household debt change on divorce rate exist significant differences; the effect of the household debt change on the marriage instability in the region Asian groups is much higher than the European and American. Therefore, to avoid the marital instability problem caused by high household debt, the government should improve the consumer finance market, and raise the level of employment and establish a sound social security system.