人口与经济

资本积累、人力资本投资与生育率降低

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作者：孙树强

单位：北京大学光华管理学院, 北京 100871

关键词：生育率;教育投资;熟练劳动力;非熟练劳动力;资本积累

分类号：C92-05

出版年,卷(期):页码：2013,34(2):12-20

摘要：

文章分析了经济发展过程中的生育率降低、人力资本投资增加以及经济结构变化之间的关系。经济中存在传统和现代两个生产部门生产同一种产品,传统部门利用非熟练劳动力进行生产,现代部门利用熟练劳动力和资本进行生产。由于熟练劳动力的工资水平较高,生育后代的机会成本也较高,导致熟练劳动力的生育率比非熟练劳动力低。随着经济中的人均物质资本逐渐提高,经济中的熟练劳动力比例越来越高,导致了生育率逐渐降低。

This paper analyzes the relationship among fertility rate decline,investment in human capital and changes in economic structure during the process of economic development. There are traditional and modern production departments to produce the same product. The traditional sector use unskilled labor for production,the modern sector use skilled labor and capital for production. Higher wage levels of skilled labor cause and higher cost of raising children,resulting in low fertility level of skilled labor than unskilled labor. With the gradual increase in the per capita capital in the economy,the proportion of skilled labor in the economy is getting higher and higher,resulting in decreased fertility.

基金项目：

作者简介：

孙树强(1983-),吉林四平人,北京大学光华管理学院博士研究生。研究方向: 经济转型、人口转型。

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