人口与经济

甘肃省"就业难"与"民工荒"问题探析

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作者：陈强强

单位：甘肃农业大学经济管理学院, 甘肃兰州 730070

关键词：就业;隐性失业;产业结构;偏差系数;相关系数矩阵

分类号：F241.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2011,32(5):40-47

摘要：

本文运用相关理论对甘肃省进行实证研究。结果表明:甘肃省经济增长对就业的拉动作用日趋减弱,"就业难"问题依旧严峻。此外,甘肃省三次产业结构与其对应的就业结构的发展集中体现为不协调。第一产业存在大量的隐性失业,实现农村劳动力在农业内部就业的潜力巨大;第二产业并没有因为拥有巨大的就业空间而接纳更多的劳动力;第三产业成为当前农村剩余劳动力转移的主要渠道,但在现有的状况下,未来接纳劳动力的能力有限;目前出现的"就业难"主要是因为劳动力技能与产业升级不相适应,造成"结构性"失业。"民工荒"并不是劳动力资源"枯竭"的信号,而是产业结构与劳动力就业结构存在巨大偏差造成的问题。

In this paper,the reasons for contradiction between difficulty in seeking job and labor shortage were analyzed based on the relevant theories.Then some effective countermeasures were put forward.The results showed that:the ability of economic development to improve the employment rate had been weakening and the employment situation was still rigorous in Gansu province.The relationship between industrial structure and employment structure was not coordinated.The efficiency of the labor forces in agriculture was lower than that of secondary and tertiary industries.There existed much underunemployment in the primary industry,while there would be a big potential employment in this sector with the development of modern agriculture of Gansu province.The secondary industry did not accommodate more labors,although it possessed a big employment space.The tertiary industry was the most important channel to provide job,but it's accommodate more unemployed population was limited under the current situation.The unemployment was only "structure unemployed" just because the technology of labor forces was not suitable for the demand of the industries' development.The lack of labor forces did not mean that the labor forces were really exhaust,which just thanks to the deviation of industrial structure from employment structure.

基金项目：

作者简介：

陈强强(1979-),甘肃陇西人,甘肃农业大学经济管理学院讲师,研究方向为农村经济学

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